Onco Actu du 2 avril 2015

Sommaire 1. Biologie Scientists drill down to genetic root of prostate tumour development [Cancer Research UK] 'Big Bang' Model of Cancer Heterogeneity [ESMO] Migration, settlement, and more migration: how prostate cancers spread [Cancer Research UK] 2.6 Etiologie - Environnement New evidence for how a rare form of liver cancer arises [MIT News] 3. Prévention Cancer Prevention Efforts in the U.S. a Mixed Bag [ACS] 3.1 Tabac Concerns raised about increased e-cigarette use in teenagers [NHS Choices] 4. Dépistage, diagnostic et pronostic MD Anderson and NanoString Technologies Announce Multi-Year Collaboration [MD Anderson Cancer Center] 4.2 Dép., diag. & prono. - Génome ASCO Submits Comments to FDA on Next Generation Sequencing Tests | ASCO.org 4.9 Dép., diag. & prono. - Sein Marker May Predict Breast Cancer Response to Tamoxifen [AACR] 5.2.1 Pharma - Partenariats Myriad and AstraZeneca Expand Research Collaboration on Lynparza [Myriad] U.K. Consortium Inks Deal with Basilea to Advance panRAF Inhibitors [GEN] Roche open to alliances in hunt for cancer drug combinations [Reuters] Ipsen expands ties to Harvard University with signing of a new Research Alliance Agreement [Ipsen] 5.4 Traitements - Economie Drug companies accused of blocking access to cheap drugs [The Telegraph] 5.9 AACR Behind the Scenes: Building a Robust Scientific Program at the AACR Annual Meeting [CANCER RESEARCH Catalyst] 6. Lutte contre les cancers Cancer Groups Tap The Crowd To Boost Clinical Trial Participation [Xconomy] Moving to the Crick: excitement and trepidation [Cancer Research UK] 6.1 Observation Older people at higher risk of emergency cancer diagnosis [Cancer Research UK] Number of Childhood Cancer Survivors Increasing, Most Have Morbidities [AACR] Cancer sufferers who are single, older or female more likely to be diagnosed late [The Telegraph] Revisiting Mortality Versus Survival In International Comparisons Of Cancer Care [Health Affairs Blog] Risk Factor: Income Inequality: It’s Also Bad for Your Health [NY Times] 6.10 Politiques Japan Launches NIH Analogue [RAPS] Douglas Lowy named Acting Director of the National Cancer Institute [NIH] 6.7 DMP, Big Data & applis Online Platforms to Share Medical Data Launch [The Scientist] 6.8 Communication The Future of Cancer: Five Reasons for Optimism [Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center] Social media reacts to "Emperor of All Maladies" - Ripples of cancer film - money, policy or literacy? [HealthNewsReview] 6.9 Controverses Change the cancer conversation [Nature News & Comment] Belle Gibson investigated by Victoria's consumer watchdog after police drop case [The Guardian]

Les étoiles de couleur jaune signalent des articles dont la lecture est en priorité suggérée (1*) ou recommandée (3*). 1. Biologie Scientists drill down to genetic root of prostate tumour development [Cancer Research UK] “The common faults we found in each man could potentially offer new targets for treatment. But we found that, once cancer cells have spread, they continue to evolve genetically, so choosing the most effective treatments will remain a key challenge.” 'Big Bang' Model of Cancer Heterogeneity [ESMO] "Understanding how heterogeneity changes with treatment is key to controlling the emergence of aggressive and resistant clones following therapy," explained Anderson. However, current therapeutic approaches that treat a tumour until resistance develops, ignore the fact that tumours can change during treatment. Migration, settlement, and more migration: how prostate cancers spread [Cancer Research UK] What we see in the changing human population over thousands of years also holds true for evolution on a much smaller, more personal timescale. And the same tactics can be used to understand the evolution and spread of cancer within the body. 2.6 Etiologie - Environnement New evidence for how a rare form of liver cancer arises [MIT News] MIT team finds mechanism by which exposure to vinyl chloride may produce cancerous mutations. 3. Prévention Cancer Prevention Efforts in the U.S. a Mixed Bag [ACS] New edition of report summarizes risk factors, screening for major cancer sites 3.1 Tabac Concerns raised about increased e-cigarette use in teenagers [NHS Choices] One limitation of the study, however, is that it relied on self-reporting, so it is prone to selection bias. This makes its findings less reliable. 4. Dépistage, diagnostic et pronostic MD Anderson and NanoString Technologies Announce Multi-Year Collaboration [MD Anderson Cancer Center] The collaboration will involve the development of “multi-omic” assays, which simultaneously profile both gene and protein expression, with a primary focus on identifying important biomarkers in the burgeoning field of immuno-oncology as well as extending programs for targeting therapeutics. 4.2 Dép., diag. & prono. - Génome ASCO Submits Comments to FDA on Next Generation Sequencing Tests | ASCO.org ASCO warned against misinterpretation or over-interpretation of test results, both of which could potentially mislead physicians and expose patients to undue risk. Consequently, ASCO urged the FDA to establish guidelines regarding how NGS test results are reported to ensure that results are clear and easily interpretable. 4.9 Dép., diag. & prono. - Sein Marker May Predict Breast Cancer Response to Tamoxifen [AACR] The researchers found that among women who received tamoxifen and whose tumors were estrogen receptor-positive, those whose tumors had low levels of TGFBR2 had a 73 percent lower recurrence-free survival rate, compared with those whose tumors had high levels of TGFBR2. 5.2.1 Pharma - Partenariats Myriad and AstraZeneca Expand Research Collaboration on Lynparza [Myriad] BRACAnalysis CDx(TM) Will Be Used in Clinical Trial of Patients With Pancreatic Cancer U.K. Consortium Inks Deal with Basilea to Advance panRAF Inhibitors [GEN] The group, which includes the Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), the Wellcome Trust, Cancer Research Technology (CRT), and the University of Manchester, has granted Basilea exclusive global rights to develop, manufacture, and commercialize panRAF inhibitors. Roche open to alliances in hunt for cancer drug combinations [Reuters] "We are open for possible forms of collaboration with external parties," Schwan told reporters late on Wednesday. He said alliances were important even though the company had the capacity to develop drug combinations in house. Ipsen expands ties to Harvard University with signing of a new Research Alliance Agreement [Ipsen] Designed to stimulate new research projects, the alliance will enable researchers at Ipsen and Harvard to identify and develop collaborative programs in the areas of neuroendocrine tumors, neuromuscular disorders, and platform technologies related to toxins and peptides. 5.4 Traitements - Economie Drug companies accused of blocking access to cheap drugs [The Telegraph] Most patients are currently treated with a drug called Lucentis, which costs the NHS around £700 per injection, despite research showing that a much cheaper drug Avastin, which was first used for bowel and breast cancer, is as effective. The same company, Roche, owns both drugs, but Lucentis is marketed by Novartis in the UK. 5.9 AACR Behind the Scenes: Building a Robust Scientific Program at the AACR Annual Meeting [CANCER RESEARCH Catalyst] Ruben and his staff of 15 people handle programming for the AACR’s more than 25 scientific workshops, meetings, and conferences. With over 18,500 attendees, the Annual Meeting is far and away the AACR’s biggest gathering – so much so that four people in the Program Development Department work on nothing but the Annual Meeting. 6. Lutte contre les cancers Cancer Groups Tap The Crowd To Boost Clinical Trial Participation [Xconomy] Now, a group of cancer foundations and life sciences companies is soliciting fresh ideas through the Clinical Trial Innovation Prize, an online campaign to crowdsource actionable methods that help double the participation rate in clinical trials of cancer treatments and diagnostics. Moving to the Crick: excitement and trepidation [Cancer Research UK] On 1st April, the researchers at our London Research Institute formally became employees of The Francis Crick Institute – a groundbreaking multimillion pound research project towards which Cancer Research UK is contributing £160m. 6.1 Observation Older people at higher risk of emergency cancer diagnosis [Cancer Research UK] The researchers also found that women and less affluent people are at higher risk of an emergency lung cancer diagnosis. While being unmarried, divorced or widowed was associated with having bowel cancer diagnosed as an emergency. Number of Childhood Cancer Survivors Increasing, Most Have Morbidities [AACR] Phillips and colleagues estimated the number of childhood cancer survivors in the United States to be 388,501, which is an increase of 59,849 from the previous estimate made in 2005 by a team from the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Cancer sufferers who are single, older or female more likely to be diagnosed late [The Telegraph] The review by Cancer Research UK examined 22 studies featuring 687,000 cases of lung and bowel cancer. Revisiting Mortality Versus Survival In International Comparisons Of Cancer Care [Health Affairs Blog] Lead time and overdiagnosis combine to produce powerful biases in survival statistics. This explains why survival statistics are increasing for all cancers, even those with mortality rates that are stable or rising. The problem cannot be “adjusted” or “modeled” away. Risk Factor: Income Inequality: It’s Also Bad for Your Health [NY Times] The research on inequality at the county level is new, but existing literature suggests there are relationships between income inequality and life expectancy among countries in the world. 6.10 Politiques Japan Launches NIH Analogue [RAPS] Today marks the launch of Japan’s new Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), which will take on the role of leading research and development in the country through partnerships between universities and industry. Douglas Lowy named Acting Director of the National Cancer Institute [NIH] As chief of the Laboratory of Cellular Oncology in the Center for Cancer Research at NCI, Lowy’s research includes the biology of papillomaviruses and the regulation of normal and neoplastic growth. 6.7 DMP, Big Data & applis Online Platforms to Share Medical Data Launch [The Scientist] The “Genes for Good” Facebook app and the Open Humans Network plan to recruit large numbers of volunteers for medical studies using social media. 6.8 Communication The Future of Cancer: Five Reasons for Optimism [Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center] This blog post is part of a series we’re running in connection with the documentary, Cancer: The Emperor of All Maladies, presented by Ken Burns, which began airing March 30 on PBS Social media reacts to "Emperor of All Maladies" - Ripples of cancer film - money, policy or literacy? [HealthNewsReview] To its credit, the film depicts many dashed hopes and failures. The first night also showed the backroom dealing and politics of raising money and changing public perceptions. 6.9 Controverses Change the cancer conversation [Nature News & Comment] Cancer, the rhetoric of this conflict holds, is an enemy that can be defeated with sufficient will and the right weapons. Unfortunately, like the 'wars' on drugs and terror, the war on cancer has become more about those doing the fighting and less about the best interests of those they are trying to serve. Belle Gibson investigated by Victoria's consumer watchdog after police drop case [The Guardian] Gibson attracted a large following on social media, including from cancer sufferers inspired by her story of being able to treat her terminal brain cancer through shunning conventional medicine.