Onco-Actu du 27 mars 2015

Sommaire 1. Biologie New role uncovered for ‘oldest’ tumour suppressor gene [Institute of Cancer Research] 2.6 Etiologie - Environnement Scientist defends WHO group report linking herbicide to cancer [Reuters] Occupational exposure to chemicals may up lymphoma risk for men [Reuters] 3. Prévention Fit middle-aged men 'at lower risk for some cancers' [BBC News] Midlife fitness may lower risk of some cancers later [Reuters] 3.1 Prévention - Tabac Assessing the Use of Agent-Based Models for Tobacco Regulation [The National Academies Press] U.S. ad campaign points to dangers of dual cigarette/e-cig use [Reuters] Plain cigarette packs with health warnings may encourage quitting [Reuters] 4. Dépistage, diagnostic et pronostic Taconic, Cellaria Partner to Improve PDX Models for Cancer Research [GEN] 4.5 Dép., diag. & prono. - Colorectal Major increase in bowel cancer screening uptake shown with new screening test [Cancer Research UK] 5.4 Traitements - Economie Cancer drug prices rise with no end in sight [VOX, CEPR’s Policy Portal] WHO urges Europeans to work together to counter high drug prices [Reuters] 6.1 Lutte - Observation Which U.S. States Have the Highest Cancer Rates? [Infographic] [Dana-Farber Cancer Institute] 6.11 Lutte - Patients Living With Cancer: Clinical Trials Looking for Patients [NY Times] 6.4 Lutte - Médico-éco How Much Does Cancer Cost Us? [NPR] 6.6 Lutte - Publications BioMed Central retracting 43 papers for fake peer review [Retraction Watch] Hoax-detecting software spots fake papers [Science] 6.8 Lutte - Communication Considering the Human Side — and the History — of Cancer [Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center] The quack view of preventing cancer versus reality and Angelina Jolie, part 3 [Respectful Insolence] Gene counsellors expect resurgence of 'Jolie effect' [Nature News & Comment]

Les étoiles de couleur jaune signalent des articles dont la lecture est en priorité suggérée (1*) ou recommandée (3*). 1. BIOLOGIE New role uncovered for ‘oldest’ tumour suppressor gene [Institute of Cancer Research] The research suggests that existing drugs that exploit the weaknesses of some cancers in repairing their DNA could be effective against tumours with mutations to the retinoblastoma gene. 2.6 ETIOLOGIE - ENVIRONNEMENT Scientist defends WHO group report linking herbicide to cancer [Reuters] Blair said the criticism of his group's conclusion was not surprising given the widespread use of glyphosate. "These sorts of things are going to go on as evidence is evaluated and scrutinized. That is what science is in democracy." Occupational exposure to chemicals may up lymphoma risk for men [Reuters] For the new study, the authors used interviews of 2,178 people diagnosed with a lymphoma and of 2,457 similar people without the cancer between 1998 and 2004 in Spain, France, Germany, Italy, Ireland and the Czech Republic. Participants listed all of their full-time jobs that had lasted for at least one year. 3. PRÉVENTION Fit middle-aged men 'at lower risk for some cancers' [BBC News] University of Vermont researchers said even small improvements in fitness could help to reduce cancer risk. Midlife fitness may lower risk of some cancers later [Reuters] Those in the high-fitness group were less than half as likely to be diagnosed with lung cancer as those in the lowest-fitness group, and the difference was similar for colorectal cancer. The researchers did not find a link between fitness and prostate cancer risk. 3.1 PRÉVENTION - TABAC Assessing the Use of Agent-Based Models for Tobacco Regulation [The National Academies Press] This report provides recommendations on strategies to improve the model and for using agent-based modeling to inform decision making in the future. U.S. ad campaign points to dangers of dual cigarette/e-cig use [Reuters] The ads, which will begin running in print publications and radio on Monday, feature a 35-year-old named Kristy who tried using e-cigarettes to quit smoking, but wound up using both products. She suffered a collapsed lung and was diagnosed with COPD, a chronic lung disease, before quitting altogether. Plain cigarette packs with health warnings may encourage quitting [Reuters] After doing an initial phone survey of more than 10,000 people between April 2012 and March 2014, the researchers followed up with about 5,000 smokers to see how they felt about the packages after one month of use. 4. DÉPISTAGE, DIAGNOSTIC ET PRONOSTIC Taconic, Cellaria Partner to Improve PDX Models for Cancer Research [GEN] PDX models are a new generation of mouse models that are created by implanting a fresh human tumor in an immune-deficient mouse. 4.5 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - COLORECTAL Major increase in bowel cancer screening uptake shown with new screening test [Cancer Research UK] In addition to being able to detect many more cancers and pre-cancers, the pilot of FIT in 40,000 people in the northwest, midlands and the south of England showed almost double the uptake with FIT than with the current test (guaiac faecal occult blood test or gFOBt) for those who had previously chosen not to participate (14.5 per cent climbed to 25.6 per cent). 5.4 TRAITEMENTS - ECONOMIE Cancer drug prices rise with no end in sight [VOX, CEPR’s Policy Portal] This column discusses recent research into the relationship between inflation-adjusted launch prices and survival benefits and approval year for 58 anticancer drugs approved in the US between 1995 and 2013. The authors find that launch prices are going up by $8,500 per year, approximately 12% year over year. WHO urges Europeans to work together to counter high drug prices [Reuters] Drug supply and pricing is often fixed through deals between governments and drugmakers that are "generally rather opaque", making it difficult to achieve the transparency needed to help reduce prices. 6.1 LUTTE - OBSERVATION Which U.S. States Have the Highest Cancer Rates? [Infographic] [Dana-Farber Cancer Institute] Ongoing studies are attempting to understand the variations in patterns of cancer incidence across the United States, but the wide range of factors at work – and the fact that Americans tend to move frequently – make this field a challenging one. 6.11 LUTTE - PATIENTS Living With Cancer: Clinical Trials Looking for Patients [NY Times] In any case, the barriers to participation remain legion. First of all, you need a Ph.D. to interpret the listings on the Internet. No, forget that: I have a Ph.D. and couldn’t do it. The data on ClinicalTrials.gov are daunting. 6.4 LUTTE - MÉDICO-ÉCO How Much Does Cancer Cost Us? [NPR] Our series is produced with member station WNYC, and with Ken Burns Presents: Cancer: The Emperor of All Maladies, which will air on PBS starting March 30. 6.6 LUTTE - PUBLICATIONS BioMed Central retracting 43 papers for fake peer review [Retraction Watch] In an attempt to limit submission of fake peer reviewers, BMC has turned off the automated system that let authors provide contact information for potential reviewers, which we tapped in our Nature story as a major contributor to the problem. Authors will still be able to suggest reviewers in their cover letters. Hoax-detecting software spots fake papers [Science] “It's wonderful that Springer has moved to eliminate articles generated by software that intentionally produces nonsense, but what about unintentionally nonsensical articles produced by human authors?” 6.8 LUTTE - COMMUNICATION Considering the Human Side — and the History — of Cancer [Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center] This blog post is part of a series we’re running in anticipation of the upcoming documentary, Cancer: The Emperor of All Maladies, presented by Ken Burns, which begins airing March 30 on PBS. The quack view of preventing cancer versus reality and Angelina Jolie, part 3 [Respectful Insolence] Now here’s the part that bothers me. We know from her last surgery that Jolie is into a fair amount of woo. Her surgeon, after all, used a homeopathic concoction claimed to improve wound healing and had her surgery done at the Pink Lotus Breast Center, which, as I noted before, is highly into “holistic” bunkum. In her latest editorial, Jolie pulls the same thing. Gene counsellors expect resurgence of 'Jolie effect' [Nature News & Comment] But misinterpreted results of tests for cancer risk can result in unnecessary surgery.